Internal-combustion engine



June '12, 1928. l

` E. A. BUCKMAN ET AL INTERNAL co'musfrxou ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet l med May v29. 1926 IN VEN TORS farm/eo f1. uc mov/v g Patented June 12, 1928.

5 .UNITEDv STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD .BUCKMAN AND TEBILL FLIYIORSON, OF SANTA ANA, CALIFORNIA.

`IN'ZIIERNAL-COMIBUSTIO'JN ENGINE.

Application led May 29,

This invention relates in general to internal combustion engines, and more particularly to what is known as a two-cycle internal combustion engine, and hasas a principal object the` provision of a cyllnder having two concentric bores of diierentdb ameter, a reciprocable sleeve valve having portions of corresponding diameter'ittmg said cylinder, and a duplex piston reciproca bly mounted in the sleeve and having por- Another object is to provide in an engine of the character mentioned means for introducing` a charge of gas or fuel into an annular chamber within the major bore of the sleeve valve, and above the major portion of the piston duringthe power. stroke of the piston, and means for scavengmg the y cylinder of the burnt gas, when the charge of fresh chamber. y y c v v l A further object is to provide a duplex cylinder having asleeve vvalveand piston arrangement, in which the gas is sealed off from the crank caseof the motor, |and `a charge of gas is admitted to the large bore of the cylinder, and thence transferred to a storage chamber above the upper bore of the cylinder, under compression, said storage chamber being `in turn closed by the sleeve valve while the gas atthe head of the piston is being finally compressed for imparting a power stroke 'to the piston at each revolution of the crank shaft, and for scavenging the cylinder of the burnt gases priorto the admission oflfresh gas for another cycley of operation; v y

Other and more detailed objects of invention will `appear as the description `progresses. i i

In the accompanying drawings I have shown a preferred embodimentof my invention, subject to modification within the scope of the appended claims withoutV departing from the spirit thereof,rin which:

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional elevation of a preferred form of internal Lcombustion gas is admitted to the combustion products of. `combustion from the 192s. serial No. 112,579.

engine, made in accordance with our invention. 1 y

Fig. 2 isa side elevation of a piston embodied in said invention. c

Fig. 3 is aperspective view fof the'sleeve fvalve forming a part thereof.

Fig. 4 `is an elevation, principally in section, in ayplane' at right angles tofFig. 1,

showing the `assembled engine. i

Briefiy described, our invention `embodies a crank case or base member B, on 4which ture of, internal combustion motors, a cylinder block C,`which is attacliedtothe crank case` by means of a plurality of bolts `1, 1,

is mounted, as is customary in the manufacetc. The cylinder C is bored in the upper i l portion thereof at 2, and in the lower portion atB to rec`eive a duplex sleeve valve member V, with an upper cylindrical portion 4,` and alower cylindrical portionv of substantially larger diameter than the portion 4, but integrally formed therewith and connected by means of a plurality of horizontally disposedconnecting ribs 6. 6', as shown in Fig. 3. Portions4 and 5.of the valve are `of diameters corresponding to the bores 2 and Bof the cylinder, respectively. y The ends of thevalve V are open in each case, and the portions 4 and 5 are bored at 6 and 7,-respectively, to' receive portions 8 and 9 of a duplex piston P. Also, the cylin der blockC is provided at its upper end with an annular gas storage chamber 9', and a valve seat 10 thereabove corresponding in diameter to the bore 2 in the cylinder, so as `to receive the upper end lof portion 4 of the sleeve valve V for closing the storage chamber 9^ duringcertain intervals inthe operationof the engine. v

The cylinder C isfprovided with a water compartment 11 between the outer wall 12 thereof, the inner cylindrical wall 13, and the head 14, and a spark plug A of usual character is concentric'allymounted in the head 14 and; projects into the combustion chamber 15 of the cylinder. A gas intake I Ias ter at intervals with the exhaust passages 18 and 18 of the cylinder C, through which the burnt gases may be exhausted to pipe E. Also, the portion 4 of the valve V has a plurality of elongated channels 21, 21, etc., longitudinally 'disposed on the portion 4 of the valve, and spaced apart, said channelsbeing open `at the lower end'of the portion and closed at their upper ends so as to afford lcommunication between the lower bore l7 of the valve V and the storagel chamber'9 of the cylinder (L2, at propertimes for transferring the charges of fresh gas from the flower bore of the sleeve valve to said storage chamber.

iT he piston P is provided with rings 1', r, etc.,on the upper portion 8 thereof, and rings r,r, on the lower portion 9 thereof 'for frictional engagement, respectively, with the bores`6 and 7 ofthe sleeve valve V, `whereby the valve may be packed against Aleakage during the operation of the engine. The valve V is provided on its lower end with a pair of lugs 22 and 22 diametrically spaced apart anda-lined with each other and adapted to receive and hold pins or screws 23 and23.

The crank case B is provided with a pair of main bearings 24'and 24 whichare carried inelongated bosses 25 and 25 formed on the crank case, and are adapted to receive a crank shaft S, as shown in Fig. 4. Said crankshaft 'is provided vwith a pair of eccentrics 26 and '26whch carry yokes 27 and 27 of the 'usual character, having arms 28 and 28 thereon, which pivotally connect with the pins 23 and 23 of valve VV at the upper bosses 29 and 29', so that the sleeve valve V rwill be reciprocated during the rotation of the shaft S.

The'piston P is operatively connected with the crank shaft S by means of a connecting rod R, which is journaled at 30 on a crank pinlO` centrally formed on the shaft S between portions 3l and 31V. Said connecting rodhas a boss at its upper end which carries a. `wrist pin 33 extending into bosses 34 Aand 84 formed internally of the upper portion 8 of piston P. Thus, the piston P is reciproca-ted within the sleeve valve V during the rotation of crank shaft S by the means described.

It will be understood at this point that 4while we have shown only a single cylinder,

chamber 9' an the engine may be modified so as to include a pluralitypf cylinders 'with substantially the same'arrangement as in other engines.

The ybore 3 of cylinder() isn continued at its upper end and in the form of an annular space .35,for receivin the upper end of the port-ion 5 of valve when said valve approachesfits uppermost limit of travel, and grooves 36, 36 are formed in the wall 13 of the cylinder to permit the movement of the ribs 6 of valve V' in such case.

Now, in operation, assuming that thepistonP is initially positioned at its uppermost limit of movement, anda chargel of gas has been previousl admitted to the storage combustion chamber 15` in the head of the piston, thesame havingbeen compressed on the previous 11p-stroke ofV thev will `move ldownwardly under the impact,2by

reason of the povvei yapplied,for a slight distance, before theV intake ports 19 ofivalve V move into re istration `With"theintake port 16A of the cylinder, and the suction withi in the bore 7 of valveV and above the portion9 of' iston'P induces av How of'gas through said; ports into .the bore' 7 during the continued down stroke ofthe piston.

As said piston approaches its lowermost limitof4 movement the valveV movesiupwardly and't'loses ,the intake4 port V16 simultaneously withthe piston reaching itsl lowermost limit of action, and alsormoves thel exhaust ports 2O and20in the`portion4 vof said valve into registration With.`the exhaust passages 18and'18, so that as the piston bevgins to move upwardly in thecyllnder, the upper bore6 of the valve ,will be scavenged gradually durin theascent of the piston of the burnt gases ierein. 'f

Up to thispoint it will he understood that the storagechamber 9f is closed against communication with thebore 7 ofthe valveby means ofthe upper end vof thej valveV. 'As the piston gradually rises in the bore 6 of valve'V, thelowermnst eirhaust port 20 in said valve is closedwby'the pistonjbut the uppermost ports 20 remain in registration with the uppermost passage 181 for exhaustving the burnt gas from the bore 6until such time as the headpnf the piston is substantiallyvalined with said .uppermost ports 20, whereupon the valve 'V on its ensuing downwai'dfmovement in the bore 2 of the cylinder,

andthe 'upper portion'B f'the piston, closes communication with the bore 7 of the valve by means of the channels 21, 2l `on the upper portion of said valve. Thus, the fresh gas which has been initially stored in the annular chamber surrounding the portion 8 of the piston, is compressed by `the portion 9 of the piston as the piston is moved upwardly, and said gas is transferred from the bore 7 ot the valve to the storage chamber 9.`

Said storage chamber 9 in such case,4is` closed at 1ts upper side by the valve portion 4 until the burnt gas has been exhausted, whereupon the valve V moves downwardly for establishing communication between the chamber 9 and a combustion chamber' 15l at the head of the piston. As the piston nears its uppermost limit of travel the chamber 9" is closed from communication with the bore 7, and the head of the piston" compresses the charge of gas in the combustion chamber 15 and storage chamber 9', preparatory to a second power stroke. y

Thus, it will be noted that at each. revolution of the crank shaft a power impulse is provided for the piston P and simultaneously therewith a fresh charge of gas is admitted to the bore 7 of: the valve. Likewise, at each reverse or'upwardstroke of the piston the fresh gas is initially compressed in the bore 7 simultaneously with the scavenging of the bore 6 of the burnt gas, and while the fresh gas is under compression it is transferred to the storage chamber 9and`is finally compressed in the combustion chamber 15 in the final movement of the piston to its uppermost limit oi' travel. i t

It will be noted in connection with the description of our invention and the drawings appertaining thereto,ithat the movement of the sleeve valve V is but slight compared to the movement of the piston P, and is only sufficient to eti'ect a complete openingand closing of the intake and exhaust ports and of the storage chamber. Also, said valve is connected'with the crank case shaftin a proper relation with the piston, for effecting the proper operation of the engine as de-` scribed. i

By means of the structure described the crank case isnot employed for compressing sociated from the combustion chamber 15 only during the scavenging operation so as to prevent a mixture of the fresh and burnt as. i

What we claim is: y 1. Anv internal lcombustion engine `embodying a cylinder having two concentric bores of different diameter, a duplex sleeve valve reciprocable therein and having cylindrical portions corresponding in diameter to the bores in said cylinder, a duplex piston reciprocable internally of said sleeve valve, and

having cylindrical portions corresponding` in diameter to the bores of said valve, intake meansarranged for communication with the larger bore of said valve, an annular gas storage chamber above and in communication with the smaller bore of said cylinder, and peripheral channels on the smaller por-,t

ytion of said valve affording communication between said storage chamber and the larger portion of said valve, and means for reciprocatingsaid valve and said pistonwhereby a charge of gas admitted to the larger bore of said sleeve may be transferred to said storage chamber and compressed during the upward movementof said piston, preparatory to a power stroke.

2. An internal combustion engine embodying a. cylinder having two `concentric bores of different diameter, a duplex sleeve valve reciprocable therein and having cylindrical portions corresponding in diameter to the bores in said cylinder, a duplex piston reciprocable internally of said sleeve valve, and having` cylindrical portions corresponding in diameter to the bores of said valve, intake means arranged for communication with the k larger bore of said valve, an annular gas `storage chamber above and in communication wlth the smaller bore of said cylinder,

and peripheral channelslongitudinally disposed on the exteriorof the smaller portion y of said valve affording communication between said storage chamber and the larger portion of said valve. means for reciprocating said valve and said piston whereby a charge of gas admitted to the larger bore of said sleeve may be transferred to said storage chamber and compressed during the upward movement of said piston, preparatory to a. power stroke, and cooperating means formed in said valve and said cylinder for scavenging the upper bore of said valve of the products of combustion simultaneously with the charging of the lower bore of said valve with fresh gas. y

3. An internal combustion engine having a large and a small cylinder therein. a valve seat longitudinally alined with and spaced from said small cylinder. an annular gas receiving chamber intermediate said gas seat, and said small cylinder. the sleeve valve having portions slidablv fitting said cylinders, the piston having portions slidably fitting said valve, means for admitting gas bo the large bore of said valve on the power stroke of said pistom and means for transferring said gas to said receiving chamber on the exhaust stroke of said piston, said valves engaging` said valve seator closing communication between the receivin chamber and the upper portionof said va ve during the exhaust operation, and arranged to establish connnunicat-ion therebetween subsequent to the-exhaust operation for compressing the gas preparatory to the power stroke.

4. An internal combustionY engine including a sleeve valve having longitudinally aliuetl portions ofdiffereut diameter, each olE said portions provided with a plurality of peripheral ports and openings at the junctions o't' said portions, the smaller portion being provided with longitudinally onmedcliannels in the periphery thereof closed at their upper ends, and open at the junction with the larger portion, for the purpose described.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having alined c linder bores of different diameter, a seeve valve* reciprocable thenein having correspondingly formed portions of different di.- ameter, a piston reciprocable in said valve and lhaving correspondingly formed portions of different diameter, the combustion chamber formed'above the smaller cylinder and communicating withthe smaller portion of saidvalvm, a fuel inlet for the lower cyl-A inder` and channels formed on the external periphery of the smaller portion of said valve for affording communication between said combustion chamber and said larger cylinderaand means formed at the junction of the large and small portionsof said valve for admitting gas from said inlet to the larger portion of saidvalve, for the'ipurpose described.y

EDWARD A. BUCKMAN. TERRILL F. MoRSON. 

